Land Colonised by the British Empire, Before and After India's Independence.
The political state of India was unstable before Industrialisation since the country was divided into smaller states and has a centre-state division setting the economic policies. According to Marshall Bouton, the President of the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations stated that India resembled more like the EU rather than a unified nation as the country was split in to 562 native states with 8 provinces after its independence from British Empire, being controlled by state governments causing difficulty in setting new laws for the vast infrastructure, education, agriculture land to be managed, taxing power, revenue raising ability – this misalignment created difficulty in implementing effective reform policies to help the economic development of India.
The political ruler during this time period, the first prime minister after the independence of India from the British Empire was sir Jawaharlal Nehru, who ruled from 1947 to 1964, his ideal was to use industrialisation as the key to alleviate the poverty line of India of the mass population of nearly 1.8 billion. His understanding of industrialisation was that not only will it eliminate poverty, but will also regain political sovereignty, and offer external economies benefit from technical progress. This idea, not only brought Industrialisation to India, but the factor of India being colonised by the British Empire, brought goods, machines, and leading to international trades between neighbouring countries of India, increasing trade controlled by the central government, regulating problems in the outcome of goods, taxed agriculture, limiting export, skewing terms of trade, emphasizing import substitution and giving priority to heavy industry. At this time, the waste material and corruption grew vigorously. The state’s government in which most of the important decisions are taken by state officials rather than by elected representatives, became “License Raj” – because it dealt with all aspects required for business activities, creating a environment for a widespread of bribery and political revolutions.
Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India and a central figure in Indian politics before and after independence.
The East India Company (EIC) was a British running Company, founder John Watts - traded in India.